Failure to Consider Safety Element in Design Does Not Preclude Public Entity’s Discretionary Authority Under Design Immunity Defense
May 16, 2018 —
Garret Murai - California Construction Law BlogIn Rodriguez v. Department of Transportation, Case No. F074027 (March 27, 2018), the Court of Appeals for the Fifth District considered the following mind-twister: Can you knowingly approve something (which does not include something else) if you never considered the absence of that “something else?” Think about that for a moment . . . or, better yet, just read on.
Rodriguez v. Department of Transportation
In 2013, a pickup truck traveling westbound on State Route 152 toward Los Banos, California, ran off the road injuring Erik Rodriguez and the driver and killing another passenger. Rodriguez sued the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) on the ground that the accident was caused by a dangerous condition on public property.
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Garret Murai, Wendel Rosen Black & Dean LLPMr. Murai may be contacted at
gmurai@wendel.com
Discovery Requests in Bad Faith Litigation Considered by Court
June 10, 2015 —
Tred R. Eyerly – Insurance Law HawaiiThe federal district court considered a variety of discovery requests by the insured in a bad faith case against State Farm. Stephens v. State Farm Fire and Cas. Co., 2015 WL 1638516 (M.D. Pa. April 13, 2015).
The insured plaintiff was a quadriplegic. His complaint alleged that he notified State Farm, through its agent, that he would have to leave his residence for medical treatment and intended to rent the home while he received care for his disabling condition. The complaint further alleged that the insured was told by State Farm's agent that his insurance would remain unaffected by his departure while he sought medical care. Nevertheless, when the insured reported loss due to vandalism and water damage at his home, State Farm relied upon his departure from the residence to cancel his insurance.
In discovery, the insured requested three categories of documents from State Farm. First, he requested State Farm's claims manuals, guidelines and instructions materials relating to insurance claims like those made by this insured. Second, the plaintiff requested performance reviews and performance incentive programs for all of State Farm's employees who played a role in decisions in this case from 2009 to the present. Finally, the plaintiff demanded that State Farm compile information relating to other insurance lawsuits brought against State Farm involving theft, vandalism and water damage claims, as well as all lawsuits or complaints regarding the conduct of this particular claims adjuster. When the materials were not produced, plaintiff filed a motion to compel.
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Tred R. Eyerly, Insurance Law HawaiiMr. Eyerly may be contacted at
te@hawaiilawyer.com
Unintended Consequences of New Building Products and Services
April 19, 2022 —
David S. Jaffe – National Association of Home BuildersAs home builders throughout the United States are grappling with building material price surges, and shortages or delays for certain orders, many are exploring alternatives products to complete or start projects. For example, according to a recent article, some builders are constructing homes from natural materials such as rammed earth, adobe brick, and volcanic rock. In addition to being readily available on site there may be heating and cooling benefits due to the natural insulation provided by these materials. The article cautions, however, that using these alternative materials may come with added challenges such as higher costs due to a need for skilled labor, delays by home inspectors who may be unfamiliar with the techniques and methods of construction, and energy consultants who might have difficulty calculating the value of homes with these materials. See Home Builders Are Turning to Natural Materials to Get Around Supply Chain Problems; There are advantages to buying homes made with natural materials, but expect to pay a premium, Alanna Schubach, Mansion Global (March 25, 2022).
Another caution, not addressed in the article, however, but one that should be heeded by builders considering alternative materials, is the unintended consequences that might result from using alternative products, whether they are natural products or any others. The long-term effects of material use should not be ignored.
For instance, it has been reported that earthen materials are known to contain numerous organic substances and can also harbor mold. It was not too long ago that mold was a high liability issue for builders and property owners. Similarly, the use of rapidly renewable materials - products that can be produced naturally and quickly from nature - is a key component of green building. They are also cellulose or carbohydrate-based products and as such are typically optimal food sources for mold in the presence of moisture.
To avoid mold, it is important to understand the relationship between construction materials and their susceptibility to mold in the presence of moisture. “Buildings will never be designed, built, maintained, or utilized perfectly; and weather and natural disasters cannot be predicted. The one thing we can have complete control over, the materials within the building, should be selected wisely.” See Mold Susceptibility of Rapidly Renewable Building Materials Used in Wall Construction, AM Cooper, Master's thesis, Texas A&M University (2007) (Samples of wool, cork, straw, and cotton-- rapidly renewable materials used as exterior wall insulation products--were exposed to different moisture amounts in an encapsulated environment, representing the environment within a wall cavity when exposed to water from pipes, leaks, condensation and absorption, or from initial construction. The samples were monitored over time for mold growth).
Mold-related issues are just one example of the potential for unintended consequences from the use of alternative materials. Carefully reviewing building material choices in advance may help eliminate non-conforming building materials, returns and possibly disputes. NAHB has developed a guide,
Assessing Building Materials, for builders who may not have their own review process for gathering information from manufacturers and distributors when considering the selection of new building materials.
The guide is intended to arm members with the most important factor when evaluating new materials or products: information. Use the guide to step through the information collection process to make an informed decision on deploying new products or materials. The guide is not intended to be exhaustive or all-inclusive, but it will help builders ask the right questions and seek the most relevant information.
Copyright © 2022 by the National Association of Home Builders of the United States. All rights reserved.
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David S. Jaffe, NAHBMr. Jaffe may be contacted at
DJaffe@nahb.org
Remote Trials Can Control Prejudgment Risk
September 07, 2020 —
Robert G. Devine, Victor J. Zarrilli & Kimberly M. Collins - White and Williams LLPWhile courts across the country are largely unavailable to litigants demanding a jury trial, pre-judgment interest rules present an increasing penalty risk to a defendant wanting its day in court and may not always make a plaintiff whole. The COVID-19 pandemic has altered the manner in which people and industries operate across the board. In light of the need to maintain social distancing whenever possible, the use of technology to replace in-person appearances is becoming more commonplace. As more attorneys become comfortable with the remote platform, the willingness to consider a remote trial grows.
With in-person jury trials suspended until further notice, it is important for attorneys and parties to consider the attendant consequences of the indefinite delay in waiting for a traditional jury trial. Aside from general inconvenience, continued delays may have a substantial financial impact, particularly with regard to the accumulation of pre-judgment interest.
Reprinted courtesy of White and Williams LLP attorneys
Robert G. Devine,
Victor J. Zarrilli and
Kimberly M. Collins
Mr. Devine may be contacted at deviner@whiteandwilliams.com
Mr. Zarrilli may be contacted at zarrilliv@whiteandwilliams.com
Ms. Collins may be contacted at collinsk@whiteandwilliams.com
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Want to Make Your Jobsite Safer? Look to the Skies.
October 10, 2022 —
Rory San Miguel - Construction ExecutiveNew York Gov. Kathy Hochul is set to sign Carlos’ Law for worker protection. The law would set a national precedent for construction site safety, substantially raising the minimum fines for construction companies found liable for onsite injuries.
Worksites are very complex, and many factors go into creating a safe space. Following suit, innovative operators are looking at advanced technologies to boost onsite safety, including drone data visualization, which involves flying a drone over a site to capture a highly accurate 3D model of current conditions in close to real time. Using drones can't solve every problem, but it can help not only protect workers but also encourage new ones to join your team.
How drone surveying improves jobsite safety
3D mapping a worksite with a drone keeps workers out of harm’s way, helping surveyors avoid potentially dangerous areas filled with constantly moving heavy equipment and machinery. Drone mapping also means surveyors can stay out of the heat, avoiding the risk of excess sun exposure by sending the drone out in their stead to traverse the terrains and slopes of the site.
Reprinted courtesy of
Rory San Miguel, Construction Executive, a publication of Associated Builders and Contractors. All rights reserved.
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Green Investigations Are Here: U.S. Department of Justice Turns Towards Environmental Enforcement Actions, Deprioritizes Compliance Assistance
January 10, 2022 —
Karen C. Bennett, R. Morgan Salisbury, Sean P. Shecter & Rose Quam-Wickham - Lewis BrisboisWashington, D.C. (January 4, 2022) - Two high-ranking Department of Justice (DOJ) officials announced that the Biden Administration is prioritizing environmental regulatory enforcement over compliance assistance. Todd Kim, Assistant Attorney General for the DOJ’s Environment and Natural Resources Division (ENRD), and Deborah Harris of the DOJ’s Environmental Crimes Section, indicated in mid-December 2021 that companies and individuals should expect more “vigorous enforcement,” with an emphasis on criminal enforcement. This new policy is in contrast to the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA)'s previous emphasis on compliance and pollution mitigation instead of enforcement actions under the prior administration.
DOJ’s new policy of promoting enforcement actions is consistent with the Biden Administration’s overall efforts to prioritize environmental justice. In April 2021, as explained in a previous Lewis Brisbois Client Alert, OECA released two memoranda directing enforcement teams to consider a variety of tools to resolve enforcement actions, including increased inspections, restitution, and reparation for victims of environmental crimes and overstepping state regulators where necessary.
Reprinted courtesy of
Karen C. Bennett, Lewis Brisbois,
R. Morgan Salisbury, Lewis Brisbois,
Sean P. Shecter, Lewis Brisbois and
Rose Quam-Wickham, Lewis Brisbois
Ms. Bennett may be contacted at Karen.Bennett@lewisbrisbois.com
Mr. Salisbury may be contacted at Morgan.Salisbury@lewisbrisbois.com
Mr. Shecter may be contacted at Sean.Shecter@lewisbrisbois.com
Ms. Quam-Wickham may be contacted at Rose.QuamWickham@lewisbrisbois.com
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Remand of Bad Faith Claim Evidences Split Among Florida District Courts
September 04, 2018 —
Michael S. Levine & Daniel Hentschel - Hunton Insurance Recovery BlogWhether an insurance bad faith claim, joined by amendment to an underlying insurance coverage action, may be removed more than a year after the original action was begun has divided federal judges in the state of Florida but has not yet been considered by the Eleventh Circuit. Now, a new opinion out of the Middle District of Florida (Jacksonville Division) has added to the debate.
Reprinted courtesy of
Michael S. Levine, Hunton Andrews Kurth and
Daniel Hentschel, Hunton Andrews Kurth
Mr. Levine may be contacted at mlevine@HuntonAK.com
Mr. Hentschel may be contacted at dhentschel@HuntonAK.com
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Rooftop Solar Leases Scaring Buyers When Homeowners Sell
June 26, 2014 —
Will Wade – BloombergDorian Bishopp blames the solar panels on his roof for costing him almost 10 percent off the value of the home he sold in March.
That’s because instead of owning them he leased the panels from SunPower Corp. (SPWR), requiring the new owner of the house to assume a contract with almost 19 years remaining. He had to shave the asking price for the house in Maricopa, Arizona, to draw in buyers unfamiliar with the financing arrangement.
Leasing is driving a boom in solar sales because most require no money upfront for systems that cost thousands of dollars. That’s made solar affordable for more people, helping spur a 38 percent jump in U.S. residential installations in the past year. Since the business model only gained currency in the past two years, the details embedded in the fine print of the deals are only starting to emerge.
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Will Wade, BloombergMr. Wade may be contacted at
wwade4@bloomberg.net
