Design Professional Asserting Copyright Infringement And Contributory Copyright Infringement
May 01, 2019 —
David Adelstein - Florida Construction Legal UpdatesStandard form construction contracts between an owner and design profesional will address copyright protection, as well as other contractual protections, associated with a design professional’s “instruments of service.” An owner negotiating an agreement with a design professional should consider alternative language that broadens the scope of the contractual license given to it with respect to the use of the design. Regardless, a design professional’s copyright infringement claim is still a challenging claim to ultimately prevail on. While a design professional may likely survive the motion to dismiss stage in a copyright infringement claim, whether it survives the summary judgment stage is another, more challenging, story.
“To state a claim for copyright infringement a plaintiff [design professional] must assert [and prove the following two prongs]: ‘(1) ownership of a valid copyright, and (2) copying of constituent elements of the work that are original.’” Robert Swedroe Architect Planners, A.I.A., P.A. v. J. Milton & Associates, Inc., 2019 WL 1059836, *3 (S.D.Fla. 2019) quoting Feist Publ’ns, Inc. v. Rural Tel. Serv. Co., Inc., 499 U.S. 340, 361 (1991).
In the first prong, the design professional must establish it complied with statutory formalities to own a valid copyright. Id.
In the second prong, the design professional must establish that the defendant copied constituent elements that are original. Id.
There is also a claim known as contributory copyright infringement.
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David Adelstein, Kirwin NorrisMr. Adelstein may be contacted at
dadelstein@gmail.com
Contract Change # 10: Differing Site Conditions (law note)
March 28, 2018 —
Melissa Dewey Brumback - Construction Law in North CarolinaPreviously, the A201 required a Contractor to provide notice to the Owner and Architect within 21 days after discovery of unforeseen site conditions. This notification is required prior to the conditions being disturbed, so as to allow the Design Team the ability to evaluate the site and determine the compensability of any such differing conditions.
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Melissa Dewey Brumback, Construction Law in North Carolina
Caltrans Hiring of Inexperienced Chinese Builder for Bay Bridge Expansion Questioned
July 16, 2014 —
Beverley BevenFlorez-CDJ STAFFThe construction of the new eastern span of San Francisco’s bay bridge has been criticized for the $6.5 billion cost, welding crack violations, and alleged cover ups by Caltrans. The Sacramento Bee reported that the company Shanghai Zhenhua Port Machinery Co. Ltd. (ZPMC) “had never built a bridge.” In fact, ZPMC “was a manufacturer of giant cranes for container ports.”
How then did ZPMC manage to obtain the contract? The Sacramento Bee stated that the company “had established a reputation as fast and cost-effective, offering savings of about $250 million compared to the competing bidder.” The project was already “years behind schedule and billions of dollars over budget by political squabbles and construction delays” and there were some fears that the “old bridge might not survive a major quake.”
Caltrans was told by an outside expert that ZPMC was a “high risk,” however, the company received a “contingent pass.” Sacramento Bee reported that an audit showed “ZPMC didn’t have enough qualified welders or inspectors…and routinely welded in the rain, a basic error that often causes defects.” Regardless, Caltrans signed off on the project.
“In August 2007, Caltrans auditors approved ZPMC outright, although the firm still lacked adequate quality control, even for ‘fracture critical’ materials,” the Sacramento Bee reported.
During the California Senate committee hearing in January, Doug Coe, a senior Caltrans engineer, said “’The race for time’ created overwhelming pressure to keep moving as planned….But there’s no excuse for building something defective like that because we are in a race for time.”
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Quick Note: October 1, 2023 Changes to Florida’s Construction Statutes
November 13, 2023 —
David Adelstein - Florida Construction Legal UpdatesEffective October 1, 2023, there were changes to Florida’s statutory scheme dealing with construction projects. This includes Florida’s Lien Law. A copy of these changes can be found below which identify additions in blue and deletions with strikethroughs. No different than before, if you have questions or concerns as to your statutory rights on a construction project, do the prudent thing, consult a construction lawyer. A construction lawyer can help you understand changes to the applicable statutory scheme or how the statutory scheme pertains to your rights. This is important because you want to make sure you understand statutory changes that apply to your work and rights.
A noteworthy change, bolded in blue below, is that there is now a basis to lien for a contractor performing construction management services “which include scheduling and coordinating construction and preconstruction phases for the construction project, or who provides program management services”:
Fla. Stat. s. 713.01 (8) “Contractor” means a person other than a materialman or laborer who enters into a contract with the owner of real property for improving it, or who takes over from a contractor as so defined the entire remaining work under such contract. The term “contractor” includes an architect, landscape architect, or engineer who improves real property pursuant to a design- build contract authorized by s. 489.103(16). The term also includes a licensed general contractor or building contractor, as those terms are defined in s. 489.105(3)(a) and (b), respectively, who provides construction management services, which include scheduling and coordinating preconstruction and construction phases for the construction project, or who provides program management services, which include schedule control, cost control, and coordinating the provision or procurement of planning, design, and construction for the construction project.
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David Adelstein, Kirwin Norris, P.A.Mr. Adelstein may be contacted at
dma@kirwinnorris.com
Part I: Key Provisions of School Facility Construction & Design Contracts
May 16, 2018 —
David R. Cook Jr. - Autry, Hall & Cook, LLPWe all expect our school construction projects will go smoothly, on time and under budget. But despite our best efforts, some projects will encounter speed bumps, detours or outright roadblocks. While there are many precautions a school facility manager may take, one of the best precautions is to have solid construction and design contracts.
A good contract will account for the known risks and specify an outcome in favor of the school authority. School construction risks can be categorized into a few categories: performance risk, time risk, cost risk and political risk. Some risks are typical to all construction projects, while others are peculiar to the unique needs of school authorities.
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David R. Cook Jr., Autry, Hall & Cook, LLPMr. Cook may be contacted at
cook@ahclaw.com
Updated: Happenings in and around the West Coast Casualty Seminar
May 13, 2014 —
Beverley BevenFlorez-CDJ STAFFFor those who are attending the West Coast Casualty Construction Defect Seminar this week, the Construction Defect Journal has updated its list of concerts, sporting events, and museum exhibitions taking place in and around Anaheim. Whether you like to spend your personal time checking out a new band, or watching your favorite Angel slide into home, or perusing the local art museum, there is something to spark your interest.
***CONCERT VENUES***
THE HOUSE OF BLUES IN ANAHEIM
Live Band Karaoke
Wednesday, May 14th, 2014 Doors Open at 10pm / Show Begins at 11pm
Every Wednesday experience the excitement of singing your favorite song with a live band. Over 200 songs to choose from our massive collection of classics and current hits. Get down here and let your vocals roar. No Cover!
Rockin’ The Blues
Thursday, May 15th, 2014 Doors Open at 10pm / Show Begins at 11pm
Every Thursday night head down to The Voodoo Lounge and listen to the best local live blues band. This is the music that shaped American music and influences every genre we listen to today. No cover!
Alice in Cooperland with Sons of Cream and Iron Plaid
Friday, May 16th, 2014 Doors Open at 7pm / Show Begins at 8pm
Friday Night Live
Friday, May 16th, 2014 Doors Open at 10pm / Show Begins at 11pm
Every Friday night features live music in The Voodoo Lounge. One stage, weekly mind blowing performances. No cover!
Stephen "Ragga" Marley
Saturday, May 17th, 2014 Doors Open at 8pm / Show Begins at 9pm
Dance, Pop and Hip-Hop
Saturday, May 17th, 2014 Doors Open at 10pm / Show Begins at 11pm
Every Saturday night The Voodoo Lounge heats up with the sounds of DJ Matt Hill spinning across genres and getting the party started. No Cover!
For More Information on Events at THE HOUSE OF BLUES OF ANAHEIM...
THE GROVE OF ANAHEIM
Lindsey Stirling plus special guest Dia Frampton
Wednesday, May 14, 2014 Doors Open at 7pm / Show Begins at 8pm
Primal Fear
Thursday, May 15, 2014 Doors Open at 6:30pm / Show Begins at 7pm
Jillian Michaels 'Maximize Your Life' Tour
Friday, May 16, 2014 Doors Open at 6pm / Show begins at 8pm
For More Information on Events at THE GROVE OF ANAHEIM...
THE HONDA CENTER
2014 Powerhouse
Saturday, May 17, 2014 – Parking lot Festival 3pm – Show Begins 7pm
Power 106 presents Powerhouse with Performances by Nicki Minaj, TDE’s Schoolboy Q, Wiz Khalifa, Trey Songz, YG, Jennifer Lopez, Childish Gambino, Juicy J, Sage The Gemini, Isaiah Rashad, plus Special Surprise Guests and More!
For More Information and to Purchase Tickets for THE HONDA CENTER...
***SPORTING EVENTS***
ANGEL’S STADIUM - BASEBALL
The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim v. Tampa Bay Rays
Thursday, May 15th at 7:05pm
Friday, May 16th at 7:05pm
Saturday, May 17th at 6:05pm
Sunday, May 18th at 12:35pm
For More Information and to Purchase Tickets for ANGEL'S BASEBALL...
THE HONDA CENTER – HOCKEY
Ducks v. Kings – Game 7 (If Necessary)
Friday, May 16th at TBA
For More Information and to Purchase Tickets for DUCKS' HOCKEY...
***MUSEUM EXHIBITIONS***
MUZEO
Transcending Trash: The Art of Upcycling
Apr 26 –Aug 31, 2014
Transcending Trash: The Art of Upcycling celebrates the transformation of throwaway objects into complex and colorful works of art.
African Exhibit On The Move (free)
May 7 –May 1, 2014
Photographer Dawn Harman has captured the spirit and energy of Africa through a series of limited edition images- each and every photo tells an extraordinary story.
Museum Days/Hours: Tuesday – Sunday (Closed Mondays) / 10 am to 5 pm
For More Information on Events at MUZEO...
BOWERS MUSEUM (Santa Ana)
Beethoven: The Late Great
Feb 8 - May 18, 2014
In recognition of the 60th anniversary of the Philharmonic Society of Orange County and its 21st and final season of Dean Corey’s leadership, the Philharmonic Society will present a multi-season celebration of the major late works of Ludwig van Beethoven, including a celebratory exhibition at the Bowers Museum.
Soulful Creatures: Animal Mummies In Ancient Egypt
Mar 22 – June 15, 2014
Soulful Creatures: Animal Mummies in Ancient Egypt is the first major exhibition to focus on one of the most fascinating aspects of ancient Egyptian culture and religion—the mummification of animals.
Chuck Jones: Doodles of a Genius
Apr 26 - August 3, 2014
This exhibition contains original drawings, most never publicly displayed, including a section of 50 so‐called "Doodles," perhaps best described as coming from one artist's very far side.
The Lure Of Chinatown: Painting California's Chinese Communities
Apr 12 - August 31, 2014
The unique cultural customs, fascinating architecture, and rich aesthetic of the Chinese communities in San Francisco and Los Angeles inspired many 19th and 20th century artists.
Museum Days/Hours: Tuesday – Sunday (Closed Mondays) / 10 am to 4 pm
For More Information on Events at BOWERS MUSEUM...
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Colorado Court of Appeals Enforces Limitations of Liability In Pre-Homeowner Protection Act Contracts
February 14, 2013 —
Heidi Gassman — Higgins, Hopkins, McLain & Roswell, LLCKeirns Construction Co. (“Keirns”) hired Landmark Engineering, Ltd. (“Landmark”) to provide a geotechnical investigation and foundation designs for two duplexes Keirns built in Larimer County. Keirns and Landmark signed one contract in 2001 for the geotechnical work and two separate contracts in 2005 for the foundation design of the two duplexes. Each contract contained an identical “risk allocation clause,” which had language specifically limiting Landmark’s liability to Keirns. The risk allocation clause also had language specifically prohibiting claims against individuals and only allowing claims against a corporation.
After the two duplexes were built, foundation problems developed, and Keirns filed suit against Landmark for breach of contract and negligence. Keirns also filed suit against two individual employees of Landmark, Wayne Thompson and Larry Miller, for negligence. Messrs. Thompson and Miller performed the geotechnical and design services pursuant to the contracts.
Landmark and Messrs. Thompson and Miller filed a motion seeking to enforce the risk of allocation clauses in the contracts, thereby limiting Landmark’s liability. Messrs. Thompson and Miller also filed a summary judgment motion seeking their dismissal from the case based on the prohibition in the risk allocation clause against asserting claims against individuals.
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Heidi GassmanMs. Gassman can be contacted at
gassman@hhmrlaw.com
Eleventh Circuit Upholds Coverage for Environmental Damage from Sewage, Concluding It is Not a “Pollutant”
May 24, 2018 —
Lorelie S. Masters & Alexander D. Russo - Hunton Insurance Recovery BlogOn April 20, 2018, the Eleventh Circuit affirmed an Alabama district court decision finding that an “absolute pollution exclusion” did not bar coverage for environmental property damage and injuries from a sewage leak. Evanston Ins. Co. v. J&J Cable Constr., LLC, No. 17-11188, 2018 WL 1887459, (11th Cir. Apr. 20, 2018).
J&J Cable was hired to install underground electrical conduit in a subdivision when it struck and broke the sewer pipe to two homes. As a result, sewage backed up into the homes causing property damage and personal injuries. The commercial general liability policy at issue contained an “absolute pollution exclusion,” which sought to bar coverage for “bodily injury” and “property damage” arising out of the actual, alleged, or threatened discharge, dispersal, seepage, migration, release or escape of “any solid, liquid, gaseous or thermal irritant or contaminant, including smoke, vapor, soot, fumes, acids, alkalis, chemicals and waste.” The insurer relied on an earlier Alabama federal district court decision, which precluded coverage for liability from lead paint exposure, concluding that lead was a pollutant under a similar exclusion. The Eleventh Circuit disagreed, recognizing that insurance is a state law issue and opting instead to rely on binding state court precedent. The Eleventh Circuit, therefore, found that the decision in U.S. Fid. & Guar. Co. v. Armstrong, 479 So. 2d 1164 (Ala. 1985), by the state’s highest court, the Alabama Supreme Court, governed. That case made a distinction between industrial waste and residential sewage. Accordingly, the Eleventh Circuit found that the “absolute pollution exclusion” did not preclude coverage for liability for injuries caused by sewage.
Reprinted courtesy of
Lorelie S. Masters , Hunton Andrews Kurth and
Alexander D. Russo , Hunton Andrews Kurth
Ms. Masters may be contacted at lmasters@HuntonAK.com
Mr. Russo may be contacted at arusso@huntonak.com
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